Promoting Success of Sainsbury Essay -- Sainsbury Supermarkets Consume

Promoting Success of Sainsbury(A) Describe the business and its aims and objectiveLogo Sainsburys - devising life taste betterIn this report I will be investigating how marketing in business helpsusing organisation that has a national promotional entreat for itsproducts or services.Sainsburys SupermarketsThe business I have chosen to investigate is the large supermarketstore called J Sainsburys Sainsburys is one of the top supermarketsthat you are able to buy products and services at a good quality.Sainsburys supermarkets were established in 1869 by John jam andMary Ann Sainsburys and is Britains longest standing major foodretailer chain. Sainsburys is a very large supermarket and employsover 145,000 people of these 60% are part time and 40% are full time.62% of all the employees they employ are women.The supermarket now have many types of store where customers back tooth astoundproducts from but a large supermarket will offer customers 34,000products and over half are Sainsbury s own brand including freshproduce convention tomatoes to spinach.Logo J Sainsbury plcIn addition to a wide range of quality food and grocery products manystores offer bread baked duration your shopping, meat and fish counters,pharmacies, coffee shops, restaurants and petrol stations.Because of many of these services Sainsburys supermarkets are able toserve over 11 million customers a week and as at March 2004 had 583stores throughout the United Kingdom.Sainsburys bankSainsburys over the years now have not just been in the area ofproviding food products but now have a Sainsburys bank which wasopened for business on the 19th of February 1997, this was a joint meditation between Sainsburys and the bank of Scotland this was a bigachievement for Sainsburys because they were the first bank of the UKthis was a good groundbreaking venture for Sainsburys to recede becausethey were able to attract 2 million customer accounts.Sainsburys overly now provide a range of affordable services i ncludinglife and wellness cover, personal loans, savings accounts and travelinsurance. In the year 2003 Sainsburys bank was named the bestprovider in the money direct awards. Sainsburys todaySainsbury has seen a change in customers requirements with organicfood healthier foods and convenience food all being top... ...nal and business objectivesbecause Sainsburys will see positive correlations. If Sainsburys areable to achieve this more objectives can be met like delivering greatservices to customersThe importance of the promotional aspect of the marketing mix is thatthe four ps are a means of communicating to the customer which is avery important tool without the promotional p it would cause a mess hall ofproblems and they will not be able to communicate products to theirtarget audience in an effective way which will cause a decrease insales and profits.By having the promotional p it will boost the image of Sainsburyswhich will allow more customers to know about the promotional c ampaignand the goings on of Sainsburys. It is also important thatSainsburys stick by their promise through their means ofcommunicating so that they do not mislead customers into the unseasonabledirection they will need to ensure that the availability of productsare high standards and are the resources available at the right timeand at the place also they will need also ensure that they keep theirfocus on their target market mix different target audience becausethis will get confusing.

Global Warming :: Greenhouse Effect Climate Change

Global WarmingThe earths climate is predicted to change because human activities are altering the chemical composition of the tune through the stool up of greenhouse gases primarily carbon paper dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Energy from the sun drives the earths weather and climate, and heats the earths surface. This causes the earth to radiate the heartiness back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapour, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat similar to the glass panels of a greenhouse.Without this natural greenhouse effect, temperatures would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earths average temperature is a more hospitable 24 C. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases.Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased roughly 30%. Methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. Due to the concentrations increasing the heat-trapping capability of the earths atmosphere is enhanced. Greenhouse gas concentrations are increasing. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. Plant respiration and the decomposition of organic matter release more than 10 times the CO released by human activities but these releases have constantly been in balance with the carbon dioxide absorbed by plant photosynthesis. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities. Energy burned to run cars and trucks, heat homes and businesses are responsible for about 80% of societys carbon dioxide emissions and about 20% of global nitrous oxide emissions. change magnitude agriculture, defores tation, landfills, industrial production, and mining also contribute a significant share of emissions. Estimating future emissions is difficult, because it depends on economic, technological, and institutional developments.The Hole in the Ozone LayerDiscovery of the good deal in the ozone layer showed that human activity has a major impact on Earth. The destruction of ozone in the stratosphere high above the planets surface has been brought about as the result of the widespread use of chemicals, which under normal conditions are chemically inert and harmless.Ozone occurs at all levels in the atmosphere, but most of it is found in the stratosphere, between about 15-50 kilometres above the Earths surface.

Brave New World - Is It A Warn :: essays research papers

Aldous Huxley wrote brave New World in the 1930s. He made mevery future predictions and many or most of them have got already come true but not to the extent that he writes about. The society in Brave New World is significantly different to the register one, and to the society in Huxleys fourth dimension. Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World not as a warning, but as something to look forward to.The people in Brave New World are everything we, as a society, want to be. Mustapha Mond sums up the perfections of the society in Brave New World with an explanation he gave John The worlds perfect now. People are happy they get what they want and they never want what they cant get. Theyre sound off theyre safe theyre never ill theyre not afraid of death theyre blissfully ignorant of passion and anile age theyre plagued with no mothers or fathers theyve got no wives, or children, or lovers to feel strongly about . . . And if anything should go wrong, theres soma. (p. 177)In Brave New Wo rlds society, everyone has a place to be. There are no people out of work, there are no homeless people, no one struggles financially and they havent a family nor a singular person that they have feelings for to worry about. They are all specially skilled to blend in a specific job therefore they are always needed, and people cannot survive without each other. Everyone works for everyone else. We cant do without anyone. (p. 67) As the handler pointed out, everyone is specially made for a particular job Ninety-six identical twins working ninety-six identical machines . . . You really know where you are. For the first time in history. (p. 18)These people are conditioned to be happy all day everyday. They love their jobs, they can have sex with anyone they desire, they have entertainments to amuse them, they never want what they cant have and they dont have any or many responsibilities. They do not go through any troublesome times, or periods where they cant feel they can cope with t he workload, or emotional problems. They do not spend their younger years tone for their dream jobs for they are conditioned so well that they love the job they are given and feel satisfied with it. They do not experience depression, sadness, or emotional and moral confusion.

The Excellence Of Women In Shakespearean Tragedy Essay -- William Shak

Excellence, from the root excellent, is the achievement of something extremely good in life. These achievements can be of a literary nature, or a cosmic nature, however the excellence that pertains to the coming essay, is that which is found within the female characters of Shakespearean tragedies. Despite the patriarchal slipway of life during Shakespeares age, he constantly conveys the ladies of his plays with nothing short of excellent ... beauty, wit, and virtue. Doran 135 Dorans article The Idea of Excellence In Shakespeare is a detailed work, which engages itself in the wide oscilloscope of Shakespearean sonnets and all his theatrical work concerning excellence. Doran says very frankly that due to Shakespeare?s representation of women, through his plays, it is very clear that he prides himself with excellence in general. Although Doran brings to our attention the importance, and possible disaster, of over emphasizing glorious attributes, the act of which is kn proclaim as a hyperbole 134, Shakespearean females, even when denied fancy dialect and metaphors, smooth are able to expose their virtues of loyalty, honestly, love, and patience in most everything they do. Doran begins his detailed account of specific females with none other than Cordelia, but due to further tune I will pass over his analysis of Lear?s daughter and continue with his depiction of Desdemona. Doran introduces Desdemona by stating, ?her virtues are ? independence, honesty, loyalty, and great generosity.? 147 Within a model reading of Othello these characteristic are by no means shadowed, they are vividly portrayed in most, if not all, of her actions. Her independence is conveyed by her decision to follow Othello without the good grace of her ... ...ults are that of a divine member, a goddess.To conclude Shakespeare presents all his ladies as self-righteous, independent, loving women who deserve to be noticed. Each woman holds her own sense of excellence with regards to he r virtues. In particular, Desdemona and Cordelia, especially rise up to the occasion. Both of these women know who they are, how they got to be who they are, what they want, and how to get what they want, nothing, I repeat nothing, explains the excellence of a women expose than that.Work CitedDoran, Madeleine. ?The Idea of Excellence In Shakespeare.? Shakespeare Quarterly 27.2 (1976) 133-149.Greenfield, Thomas A. ?Excellent Things In Women The Emergence Of Cordelia.? South Alantic Bulletin 24.1 (1977) 44-52.Harding, D.W. ?Women?s Fantasy of Manhood A Shakespearean Theme.? Shakespeare Quarterly 20.3 (1969) 245-253.

Marijuana: The Legalization :: social issues

Marijuana The LegalizationTheir Side After the sustaining vote in November of 1996 and coming into effect the beginning of this year, ganja is now legal to medical patients in California and Arizona. Proposition 215 reads as follows The people of the State of California hereby find and declare that the purposes of the Compassionate wasting disease Act of 1996 are as follows (A) To ensure that seriously ill Californians sacrifice the right to obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes where that medical use is deemed eliminate and has been recommended by a physician who has determined that the persons health would benefit from the use of marijuana in the treatment of cancer, anorexia, AIDS, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma, arthritis, migraine, or any other nausea for which marijuana provides relief. (B) To ensure that patients and their primary care givers obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes upon the recommendation of a physician are not subject to iniquitous pro secution or sanction. C. To encourage the federal and state governments to implement a plan for the safe and affordable distribution of marijuana to all patients in medical need of marijuana. (Proposition 215 Section 11362.5) Of course, it goes on and breaks into fine detail into which I choose not to venture. To summarize it all, if youre sick, or think you are, your doc can get you slightly pot. Just like that. So whats so great about this? It supposedly brings relief to those with terminal illnesses. (Such were listed in 215) Cancer sufferers who are inflicted with nausea due to chemotherapy have account that a puff or two of a marijuana cigarette relieves the pain. (Theorized after study by psychiatrist Lester Grinspoon of Harvard Medical School) It has also been reported to relieve the pain suffered by AIDS patients. Despite all this great relief, one question remains unanswered, what about the side effects? Exactly how noisome and addicting is this stuff? MY SIDE (the impor tant stuff) My personal opinion Marijuana should remain illegal because of the enormous side effects and addiction that results after using the drug. My startle fact to back my opinion would have to be this, marijuana is what it is, a drug You cant change that no matter how many people vote on it. Sure, there are prescription drugs on the market that are potentially dangerous but their effects are nothing compared to that of marijuana.

Marijuana: The Legalization :: social issues

Marijuana The LegalizationTheir Side After the sustaining vote in November of 1996 and coming into effect the beginning of this year, marijuana is now legal to medical patients in California and Arizona. Proposition 215 reads as follows The people of the State of California hereby find and declare that the purposes of the Compassionate Use Act of 1996 are as follows (A) To run into that seriously ill Californians expect the right to obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes where that medical use is deemed appropriate and has been recommended by a physician who has set(p) that the persons health would benefit from the use of marijuana in the treatment of cancer, anorexia, assist, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma, arthritis, migraine, or any other illness for which marijuana provides relief. (B) To ensure that patients and their primary assist givers obtain and use marijuana for medical purposes upon the recommendation of a physician are not subject to criminal prosecution o r sanction. C. To encourage the federal and state governments to implement a plan for the safe and affordable distribution of marijuana to all patients in medical need of marijuana. (Proposition 215 Section 11362.5) Of course, it goes on and breaks into handsome detail into which I choose not to venture. To summarize it all, if youre sick, or think you are, your doc can get you some pot. Just like that. So whats so great about this? It supposedly brings relief to those with terminal illnesses. (Such were listed in 215) Cancer sufferers who are inflicted with nausea due to chemotherapy have reported that a puff or two of a marijuana cigarette relieves the pain. (Theorized after study by psychiatrist Lester Grinspoon of Harvard Medical School) It has also been reported to relieve the pain suffered by AIDS patients. Despite all this great relief, one question remains unanswered, what about the side effects? Exactly how harmful and addicting is this stuff? MY SIDE (the important stuff ) My own(prenominal) opinion Marijuana should remain illegal because of the enormous side effects and addiction that results after using the drug. My first fact to back my opinion would have to be this, marijuana is what it is, a drug You cant change that no matter how many people vote on it. Sure, there are prescription drugs on the market that are potentially dangerous but their effects are nothing compared to that of marijuana.

Does Capital Punishment Deter Crime Essay

In the word Inequality Causes and Consequences, Kathryn M. Neckerman and Florencia Torche dissertate the existing patterns, causes and consequences of stinting contrast in the fall in States, including variety of earnings, riches, and opportunity. Their research refers to the well-disposed and political causes and consequences of discrimination in such areas as health, education, crime, social capital, and political power (Neckerman & Torche, 2007, p. 335). In addition, they discuss instauration distinction, exploring the major inequality trends across different nations.The researchers of this article bring on the major goal to help readers to better understand the roots of this social problem and its cause on people, organizations and labor markets. In fact, sparing inequality in the get together States constitutes a social problem which required the appropriate solutions. According to George Ritzer (2004), problems associated with economic inequality are closely lin ked to the level of development, with inequality being a far greater problem in authentic nations than in less developed countries (p. 10).Undoubtedly, such social problem as economic inequality can be found both in developed and developing countries. In the United Sates, this issue is of great importance as the American nation is based on the principle all people are created equal and should be tough equally. Most Americans believe that they are a dissever of the middle class that command a large part of American society. However, today there is an show of certain economic differences between the rich and the poor, although the United States provides equal opportunities for personal development.According to Neckerman and Torche (2007), in the United States, the obvious economic disparities started to rise in the1970s, eon the incrementd economic disparities can be easily identified today. virtuoso of the sociological researches, the long-term Luxembourg Income Study of 2000, proves the fact that economic inequality is a great deal higher in the United States than in former(a) industrialized countries. And only two industrialized countries, Mexico and Russia have more income inequality than the United States (Brinkerhoff et al. , 2007, p. 147).It has been found that the dismantle class10% of American population has become extremely poor, fleck the upper class 10% has become extremely wealthier. The increased income inequality is closely connected with the changes in the economic system of the United States. The research shows that 80% of Americans work in service and retail occupations which pay lowers wages in comparison with the manufacturing jobs that once predominate the US economy (Brinkerhoff et al. , 2007, p. 147). In addition, practically all economic divisions try to replace well-paid permanent workers with lower-paid part-time workers.Thus, the above menti unrivaledd changes combined with declining level of union rank and file and a statio nary borderline wage has contri furthered to the lower incomes of poor and working class Americans. The primary patterns and causes of inequality in the United States based on the article Inequality Causes and Consequences are focused on the three areas of inequality inequality in wealth, inequality of opportunity and wage inequality. The authors of the article pay special care to the recent trends and are based on the major factors that are driving dispersalal outcomes in the United States.To start with, one of the major causes of inequality in the United States is wage inequality which remains stable despite economic crisis. High skilled employees get higher wages than unskilled workers. In addition, inequality matters in contemporary society help to better understand the differences in economic well-being of all Americans. The authors of the article believe that inequality at one point in time may affect inequality in the next generation, what gives explanation to the issue of equality of opportunity, or the so-called social mobility (Neckerman, & Torche, 2007, p. 39). One more cause of inequality in the United States is inequality in wealth.Today wealth is more unevenly distributed than income, according to Neckerman and Torche (2007, p. 338). In the United States, wealth inequality is connected with the increase of states by the well-paid employees. In fact, wealth increase is one of the basic motivators of behavior of Americans. As wealth is concentrated in the work force of the smaller part of the population, wealth inequality can be viewed as one of the most important causes of inequality in the United States.I guard the above mentioned causes and patterns of inequality in the United States because the authors ideas are based on the reliable sources, such as numerous sociological and economic researches conducted by the experts in economic issues and based on the proper statistical data. Moreover, the causes of inequality represented in the article have already been identified by many economists and sociologists. Finally, I support the causes and patterns of inequality provided by the authors of the article because they are similar to my personal views and ideas on this subject.For example, I believe that wage inequality in the United States is touch on by the following factors the increased international trade wind and considerable technological changes, the festering of immigration and improved training practices and education. It is top that the increased international trade and technological improvements in all ranges of human activity require highly skilled workers, promoting wage inequality. In addition, increased level of immigration of unskilled workers results in a decrease in the supply of skilled workers relative to unskilled workers(Carbaugh, 2011, p. 3).This fact means that immigration promotes wage inequality in the United States. affiance inequality between skilled and unskilled workers can be reduced due to the adequate education and training of workers. Thus, my ideas concerning the major causes of inequality in the United States are similar to the authors ideas. Economic inequality in the United States may have a number of consequences not only for the countrys economy, but also for all Americans.According to Neckerman and Torche (2007), economic inequality in the US society may reinforce privilege among the affluent and disadvantage among the poor, reinforcing economic inequality in the next generation (p. 340). This fact means that children from low income families can get less education and their earnings in adulthood will be lower. It is necessary to agree with this consequence of economic inequality because today many children from poor families have no chance to get good education and, as a result, they have low level of education. Without parental support, it is very difficult to get a good education.Children have to pay for their education. In case parents do not provide financial support to their children, they have to find a job in order to pay for their studies at colleges or universities. In addition, economic inequality may lead to poor health of a particular population. The authors of the article state that social inequality has negative consequences for human health because it undermines social capital, or because it is associated with poorer social welfare provisions or new(prenominal) institutional arrangements that disadvantage the poor (Neckerman & Torche, 2007, p. 341).In fact, there may be some other effects on human health, such as direct and indirect effects of stress on human health (alcohol/drug abuse, depression, mental disorders, etc. ). This fact is true because if an individual has no money to buy medication, food and services, he/she will not be able to improve health. There is clear evidence that poverty and economic inequality may lead to health problems, according to Ichiro Kawachi, who links economic inequality to mortali ty (2000, p. 86). Finally, economic inequality in the United States has negative consequences for social order.According to the recent researches and theories, the individuals decision to commit a crime is often driven by the potential difference criminals calculation of expected returns in this framework, inequality may raise the expected returns from property crime (Neckerman & Torche, 2007, p. 343). It is necessary to agree with this statement as economic inequality is closely connected with criminal behavior of individuals. According to the frustration-aggression theory, income inequality can be viewed as the major source of frustration (Pare, 2006, p. 9). some individuals in our society want to assess and compare the level of their happiness with others. This unavoidable social comparison process means that dissatisfaction with income inequality leads to frustration and craze (Pare, 2006, p. 9). When looking at economic inequality worldwide, the key issues that researchers sh ould be concerned with, are based on more economic ball-shaped change, economic growth in some countries and declines in other countries. I believe that the majority of developing countries will be left behind in an ever growing ball-shaped economy.It has been found that most researchers are focused on the study of disparities within the United States and other industrialized nations. many another(prenominal) developing countries which face economic inequality are not discussed in the media. It is very important to explore global inequality and its consequences for all nations. It is clear that disparities across nations may lead to conflicts and misunderstanding. Neckerman and Torche (2007) discuss some possible consequences of global inequality, including relative deprivation, the concentration of power (p. 346). Grahame F.Thompson (2007) explores the relationships between the growing international economy, global inequality and globalization processes and states that there is no iodin and correct way to measure global inequality (p. 182). In fact, global inequality is a rather complex phenomenon which cannot be described without evaluation of the consequences of the global economic growth. One of the economists, Stanley Fischer, considers that there are two contradictory trends in global inequality. Actually, he states that global inequality between different nations was increasing during the utmost of 1980 2000.In order to decrease global inequality, the poor countries would have had to experience much higher rates of economic growth than rich countries (Thompson, 2007, p. 178). On the other hand, he states that if rich countries continue to grow faster than poor countries, then global inequality would increase. In addition, global inequality is affected by globalization. Many globalization critics point out to the fact that globalization has worsened global inequality, while the defenders of globalization state the opposite.As global inequality refe rs to the disproportionate distribution of income and wealth across all nations, different nations have unequal benefits from economic operations. According to Ritzer (2004), global inequality increases because the poor nations obtain a smaller part of a fixed per capita income for the world, what leads to the rise of poverty. However, there is clear evidence that globalization can compress global inequality. In fact, globalization leads to the faster diffusion of employment technologies to poorer nations, what leads to reduction of global income inequality.The existing global inequality is the result of uneven regional growth rates during the recent centuries, when the majority of Western countries moved ahead, while many Asian and African lagged behind. Today sociologists have learned much about economic inequality. However, there are still many questions about the major causes of economic inequality in todays environment. The empirical studies show considerable changes in the m inimum wage and union membership, as well as other institutional factors that affect economic inequality.It has been found that economic inequality is a complex phenomenon that influences the lives of all individuals in the world. The rise in economic inequality is not a transitory process, and it has certain implications for social and political life, health, crime, educational attainment and other consequences. The researchers have found that the major patterns and causes of economic inequality in the United States are inequality in wealth, wage inequality and inequality of opportunities. In addition, a considerable increase in immigration over the past 20 years increased income disparities in the United Sates.According to the recent research, the majority of immigrants come from poor countries to the United States in order to find a well-paid job. One more factor of economic inequality is different education attainment of individuals. The US Census Bureau indicates that occupatio nal achievement of individuals and the ability to finish tasks with the use of scarce skills provide higher incomes. Thus, education remains one of the major factors that influence income distribution, there by having a considerable effect on economic inequality.Global inequality may have certain implications for international relations, as well as it may increase relative deprivation among nations. Besides, global inequality may have social and political consequences, depending on the individuals perception and interpretation of inequality, mediated by social relations, institutions and cultural context of use (Neckerman & Torche, 2007, p. 351). Thus, a number of solutions have been suggested that would support a more equal or fair economic environment within the United States and worldwide. First of all, it would be better to reduce inequalities in earnings.In order to reduce inequalities in income, it is required to develop and implement the appropriate policies, such as introd ucing a minimum wage at a reasonable level, reducing unemployment in the United States and worldwide, adopting progressive taxation system, according to which tax rate should be increased with the increase of income level, redistributing labor resources more effectively, providing total control over the existing monopoly prices, providing social security policies, such as pensions, unemployment allowances, etc. (Jain & Khanna, 2007, p. 66).Secondly, wealth inequality should be reduced through effective taxation system. According Mott Tracy (2010), wealth inequality is much more severe than income inequality and is the major contributor to income inequality (p. 136). The individuals, who have accumulated wealth, should be ready to pay wealth taxes. Thirdly, inequality of opportunity should be eliminated through effective strategies, such as providing equal opportunity to acquire education, healthcare services, etc. (Becker, p. 137). In fact, many nations realize the importance of eq ual opportunity today, and try to make opportunity accessible to all members of society.

Research Based Instructional Program

Running Head LIFE SKILLS RESEARCH-BASED INSTRCTIONAL PROGRAM Research-Based Instructional Program One major disadvantage to develop and implementing instructional classs non floord on inquiry is the time spent. Time is money, and wasted time means wasted money. Money is wasted on implementing political programs that are not research based. Time and money is wasted on training. Overall time and money are wasted on the program. Without the proper research it whitethorn not be known if the program is needed in the first step up. Programs may be developed that are not needed, or that may not give the desired results.Research is the prerequisite for change or reform in education. DuFour & Eaker (2008) discuss reasons why the United States is behind other countries and the course of instruction reforms that have come as a result. Without research no one would be able to give reasons as to why the United States cannot compete globally in education. Without research the scholar, prac titioner, research model would not exist. Program Overview Botvin Life Skills Training (LST) name after its developer, Dr. Gilbert J. Botvin was developed in the new-fangled 1970s. The program is based on scientific evidence, and is backed by over 20 scientific studies.It is a drug and alcohol abuse prevention program intentional to be implemented in a classroom setting. It was developed to be taught in grades as early as 3rd grade and as late as 10th grade. The elementary grades program consists of 24, 30-45 turn class sessions that should be taught over a 3 year period. The middle grades program consists of 30, 45 minute sessions that are taught over a 3 year period. The high school program consists of 10, 40-45 minute classes that can be taught in conjunction with the middle grades program. betrothal of research-based program In the state of California more than $2 billion is spent each year on prevention efforts. Californias caboodle czar, Paul Seave was quoted in saying tha t ,there are so many evidence based practices, but few have scientific support (Reynolds, 2010). turncock Greenwood, leader of the Association for the Advancement of Evidence Based Practice is also quoted in saying that,the American public does not have a gruelling science background and people dont always have the skills to know when someones pulling their leg.The middle grades Life skills program was implemented in an effort to cut back and potentially stop gang violence and the use of drugs and alcohol among school age children. The program has turn up to be far more successful than program such as DARE (Drug Abuse and Resistance Education) and other tough love strategies. These programs do not seem to motivate students to stay out of jail, and steer clear of drugs and alcohol. People believe in these programs, and find it hard to believe that they do not pee the desired results. Outcomes and ImplicationsStudents that use drugs and alcohol are prone to dangerous consequences. Some of these consequences include increase in behavior that increases risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, increase risk of jail time, and potentially hurting others around them. The purpose of implementing a program such as Life Skills is to make students sure of these consequences and give them tools to stop their life from going in a downward spiral. Staff Development As an instructional leader one must portray their staff that they believe in the things that are being taught to students.First, a good leader has to research in order to have a knowledge base for the childbeds that teachers will be asked to take part in. Second, the leader must have training on the materials and the results that should be expected. They should be shown the way that things need to go in order for a program to be successful. Finally, an effective leader has to be motivated and be able to motivate their subordinates to take on a task that will benefit the student population. Once the leader is prepared themselves, they can then train their subordinates, or get the proper resources for the training to take place and be effective.References Botvin Life Skills Training, Retrieved from http//www. lifeskillstraining. com DuFour, R. , & Eaker, R. (2008). Professional Learning Communities at Work. New Insights for Improving Schools. Reston, VA Solution Tree. Patterson, D. , & Keefe, R. (2008). Using Social Construction Theory as a radical for Macro-Level Interventions in Communities Impacted by HIV and Addictions. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 35(2), 111-126. Retrieved from Research Starters Sociology database. Reynolds, Julie. (2010). Keeping kids out of trouble not easy Electronic version. The Herald.

Public Opinion and policy Essay

In Public Opinion Democratic Ideals, Democratic Practice, Rosalee Clawson and Zoe Oxley interpret usual opinion as an mortals beliefs and preferences in regards to all g e realwherenmental matters and policies.(424) These individual ideas collectively ar viewed as the overall populations opinions summarized and stick out be reflected by a poll. By collecting these opinions through the polling process, lawmakers ar likely to upshot these opinions into consideration when creating and/or regulating a policy. In 1824 The Harrisburg Pennsylvanian newspaper conducted virtuoso such poll where the readers were asked to return a postcard with their opinion rough the presidential dissolvedidates Andrew Jackson or John Quincy Adams. Jackson won the poll as well as the counterbalancetual alternative.(Franklin) This style of opinion polling has increased over the years and evolved into a more refined and accurate dissembleation of the public. For instance, instead of submitting an unt race fitted, anonymous postcard, people are instead asked to submit a survey and are required to submit some somebodyal information, which pass on remain anonymous, in order to prevent the chance of someone submitting more than one survey.Due to the handiness of the telephones and the internet, we are able to survey a larger and more diverse group of citizens which volition allow for more accurate results. As votingrs, we are able to have some control over who represents our opinions as well as who we believe will make decisions that are truly for the betterment of the people and society. By understanding the five linkage models established by Norman Luttbeg (Robert & Kent, 20-21) we are able to travel to how public opinion notify sway the formulation of a public policy.1. The Rational- activistic amaze assumes that all voting citizens are level-headed, informed, involved and semipolitically active individuals. This model presents the idea that if representatives do not mak e decisions to satisfy the demands of the people, consequently the people will replace that representative. This model is the least likely to be apparent since the volume of the public does not keep close tabs on political actions. The largest flaw with this model is that we are assuming all voters are educated and rational about a particular issue and/or drive outdidate.2. The semipolitical Parties assume recognises place when an individual has an overall agreement with the ideals of an individual troupe. Citizens identify with a party whose overall attitude and beliefs mesh with their own. A major flaw in spite of appearance this model is the idea that representatives feelpressured to target actions that are for the betterment of the party plainly not always for the individual citizen.3. The Interest throngs Model establishes that the public can express their opinions to lawmakers by forming a group who will advocate for a collective stimulate. The groups place pressur e on the lawmakers and parties electorally by rallying behind those that will publicly promote them. As well as monetarily by donating funds to those individuals and/or parties. By understanding this particular model we are able to see the likeliness of one group being more represented than another in society. This would create strife among the people as the group who is the least pixilated would be more likely to be underrepresented even though that group could contain a more accurate representation of the overall public opinion.4. The destine Model maintains that a representative is elected based on the candidates values but not necessarily their stance on the issues. This model varies from the Rational Activist model in that it places more responsibility on the candidate to follow the opinions of the constituency or face being replaced and not place the responsibility on the public to educate themselves. bandage the Delegate Model and the Rational Activist Model are very simi lar the key difference is in noting that this model places more pressure on a candidate to follow their constituencys ideas even if the candidate believes that other options would be in the best interest of the constituents.5. The Sharing Model speaks on the idea that a representative will act on their own belief that may not be in complete connective with their constituency but due to the unlikelihood that the lawmaker will go directly against their constituency they are still placing public opinion in their favor. This model overwhelmingly displays that a representatives values and character may come more into consideration with a voter than that representatives stance on a particular issue. (WK 2008) When we say population we are referring to a large mass of people that represent the summation of a geographical area. (Robert & Kent, 28) Population can be that of a country, state, city or even a university take oning to extremely large groups of people that would take too much t ime to poll individually.Within any given population we take samples, collect data from a subdivision of a population in an effort to estimate the overall opinions of the collective group. Within these subsets of populations the results may not be a completely accurate reflection of the overall population. Religion,race and income are detailors that can greatly sway the outcome but most instances are unintentional. (US History) A biased sample is where at that place has been a methodical selection of the participants in an effort to achieve a planned outcome. An unintentional occurrence might take place with a telephone sampling. The University of Texas at Austin elaborated on this bias in regards to telephone sampling. For instance, if the amount of people who are without phones, or those who exactly dont answer the phone are not considered this can greatly skew the results. Truly random samplings are where the participants are participating totally due to chance and where ever y varying subset of citizens has an equal chance to be selected. (Rosalee & Zoe, 29-30) A sample will very rarely get the exact percentages as it is highly likely that they will miss a group of people since the entire population is not participating and we are taking smaller groups to represent the entirety.The confidence level is a mathematical probability measure that tells us how reliable our data is in terms of accuracy. We keep this probability to a amenable number by keeping the number of individuals polled low. Polls are kept to less than 1,000 respondents due to the margin of error as well as the fact that the accuracy improves only marginally with larger samples. (Robert & Kent 30) The 1936 poll conducted by Literacy Digest proclaimed that the Republican candidate was likely to be the overwhelming winner of the presidential election when in actuality it was Franklin Delano Roosevelt that won the bid for president. Seeing as how this poll was conducted at a time where the majority of people were dealing with the aftermath of the air market crash and the subsequent great depression we can infer that the majority of the people polled were people who had the funds to subscribe to a weekly magazine, owned a telephone and possibly an automobile. The Republican candidate was projected to be the winner most likely due to the affluent Republican participants of the survey. During this same election George Gallups American Institute of Public Opinion did project the winner to be Franklin Delano Roosevelt, which placed the Gallup poll into the spotlight. It is believed that the Gallup poll was able to accurately predict the outcome due to their preference of using a smaller and more diverse sample. (Polling the Nations)Ideologies are the beliefs of an individual about the various social, cultural, political and economic operations at heart a society. An individual forms opinions based on their beliefs, life experience, genetics and more factors that as a w hole make up their political ideology. (Rosalee & Zoe, p62) The liberal ideology is based on the beliefs that political science intervention in economic matters, as well as a basic belief in the equality of the people. firearm a nonprogressives ideology is based on the beliefs that there should be minimal authorities intervention in all matters, as well as an vehemence on tradition and individual responsibility. (Robert & Kent, p72-73)There are five main influences that will affect how a person develops their ideology family, gender, religion, ethnicity, and/or region. All of these influences will combine, influencing the opinions and beliefs of the citizen. Since a person develops opinions based on the experiences and knowledge they have developed over the course of their lives, there can be instances where a person can completely flip-flop on their original ideals as time progresses and while this is highly unlikely it is still possible.( Pelin, Erik, Jackie) For instance, a p erson who grew up in an affluential conservative household may find as they get older and more independent that their view of the world is vastly different from that of their families. This can also lead to strife amongst families in instances where there is an obvious divide on the ideals. A person who is witness to the exchange of ideas mingled with the opposing sides is likely to be influenced by the attitudes and opinions of the people while also comparing those individuals ideals to their behaviors, character, and reliability.Conservatives and Liberals have very different ideological standpoints and many Americans race to lean towards one or the other in regards to their personal beliefs toward public policy making and governing styles. However, it has been discovered that the majority of the present American public do not identify themselves as adhering to one strict ideology but instead place themselves somewhere in the middle. (Robert & Kent, p83) Conservatives have the hi ghest percentage of individuals who are strict ideologues. (Gallup-a) still there are many individuals from either side that can be uncompromisingin their ideals and take their truth as the one and only truth.In understanding a persons chosen ideology we are faced with an interesting fact that while most people tend to identify themselves as conservative, the overall majority of the public tends to vote more liberally. (John, 2014) Conservatives are ideologically defined by their strict adherence to traditional values and practices as well as their keep for little to no governmental regulation and their emphasis on individual citizens taking personal responsibility. Liberals are alternatively defined by their belief that the government should be active in the regulation of the people in order to protect the citizens from the possibility of unequal and discriminatory actions. (Rosalee & Zoe, p134) Liberals are also recognized by their beliefs in the overall equality of citizens, pr otection of liberties and progressive thinking that is based on the idea that there is overall an essential goodness to the mass populous. While there are vast differences between these opposing sides, it is possible to see how a person may agree with a conservative view of government while simultaneously believing in the humanist attributes of the liberal view.Individuals will usually develop an allegiance to a particular party (typically Democrat or Republican, though many other political parties have emerged), or will categorize themselves as being an independent of a specific party affiliation. An individuals party identification gives us a better idea on how that person will vote in elections as people tend to follow their elected partys specific views on an issue as well as electorally support a political leader of the party, but that is not always the case. Party identification has been described as being a psychological identification, or being the way an individual has come to their accredited attitudes towards public policy by way of their individual life experience, that will continue to influence how new information is processed. (Thomas & Ge collide withrey)If we were to question an individuals likelihood to remain a steady voter for one particular party, the Michigan Model opening will give us such a theory to go on as this model emphasizes an individuals party attachment ispredominately stable. One noticeable flaw in this theory is if a party were to change their stance on an issue that overwhelmingly goes against the beliefs or ideals of the individual, the voter may then vote against the party if not possibly switch parties altogether. But this is unlikely as the voter is more likely to respond to the consummations of their elected representatives than to their ideologies alone. (Harold, David, Marianne & Paul)By looking at the present day Republican Party we are able to see they are typically very conservative in their views, which may be why more and more religious people vote in accordance with this party. The Republican party favors towards older, affluent and white males while the Democratic party tends to be more diverse. The Democratic Party contains a very diverse group of people and is weighted in the areas of women, race and sexual orientation. (Gallup-b) The majority of younger Americans also identifies with the Democratic Party. By seeing the makeup of these parties we can deduce that it is likely the Democrats are representative of a new school wave that is pushing for a more liberalistic approach. (Adam, 2014)The presidential flattery rank is one of the main political opinion polls taken and focused on by the media. This ranking shows whether the public generally approves or disapproves of the job performance of the person holding Americas highest office. In studying the inconsistent falls and climbs of the panegyric rating there have been certain trends believed to be the cause of some high points du ring a presidential term. (Rosalee & Zoe, 109) The honeymoon effect is the first trend that will take place during the days after a President takes office. This effect refers to the initial phase after the swearing in of the president into the office. Since this man is entering office with a clean sheet, and has recently come off of an approval high as evidenced by his election, people are more likely to be optimistic towards actions taken by the president. Eventually there will come a time where a problem is encountered and the presidents plan of action will no doubtedly upset a roll up of people. After this point there can be varying reasons for the day-to-day rising and falling of the approval rating. (Robert & Kent, 120)In some instances a presidents rating can climb when the nation has been confronted with a foreign event that involves America and possibly a crisis for the American people. This idea is referred to as the rally round the flag effect. Robert Erikson and Kent Ted in compile in American Public Opinion (121) this effect is likely to occur due to the desire of the American people to feel united behind a leader. One of the most accurate examples of this would be the attitude of the American people after the attacks that took place on 9/11 and the subsequent skyrocketing in the approval ratings for President George W. Bush. Upon deeper evaluation of this occurrence when there is more of a relative calming of the people and the effects of war, both financially as well as the casualties incurred, the approval ratings are then subject to drop, one could say when reality sets in. (Rosalee & Zoe, 111)The final source for the possible explanations behind drastic increases and decreases in a presidential approval rating is the state of the economy. An economy that is poorly performing will likely result in low approval ratings for the President and a sluttish economy to increase the approval rating. According to Kevin Hoover in his article Phillips Cu rve, during a low economic point there will be higher rates of unemployment and inflation. These two factors can have a substantial and negative impact on an individuals livelihood. President Obama was elected during a time of economic strife due to many factors including a housing market crash as well as the weighing cost of the state of war on Terror. Even though Obama was not in the Presidential office during the onset of the war, nor was he to blame for the inevitable housing market crash, his approval rating suffered due to the onset of these events aftereffects.BibliographyRobert S. Erikson and Kent L. Tedin, American Public Opinion, New Jersey Pearson Education, Inc., 2011 Rosalee A. Clawson and Zoe M. Oxley, Public Opinion Democratic Ideals, Democratic Practice. Washington D.C., 2013 The University of Texas at Austin. Biased sampling and Extrapolation. Last modified August 28, 2012.https//www.ma.utexas.edu/users/mks/statmistakes/biasedsampling.html Pelin Kesebir, Erik Phil lips, Jackie Anson, Tom Pyszczynski, Matt Motyl, Ideological Consistency across the Political Spectrum Liberals are much Consistent but Conservatives Become More Consistent When Coping with Existential Threat (February 11, 2013). http//ssrn.com/abstract=2215306John Sides, Why Most Conservatives are Secretly Liberals, The Washington Post, March 6, 2014. http//www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/03/06/why-most-conservatives-are-secretly-liberals/ Gallup-a. Conservatives Remain the Largest Ideological Group in U.S. Last modified January 12, 2012. http//www.gallup.com/poll/152021/conservatives-remain-largest-ideological-group.aspx Gallup-b. Democrats Racially Diverse Republicans Mostly White Last modified February 8, 2013 http//www.gallup.com/poll/160373/democrats-racially-diverse-republicans-mostly-white.aspx US History. American Political Attitudes and federation What Factors Shape Political Attitudes? Last modified January, 2013.http//www.ushistory.org/gov/4b.aspChrist opher Ellis and James A. Stimson, Pathways to Ideology in American Politics the Operational-Symbolic Paradox Revisitedhttp//www.unc.edu/jstimson/Working_Papers_files/Pathways.pdf Harold D. Clarke, David Sanders, Marianne C. Stewart and Paul Whitely, The Dynamics of Party Identification, in Political Choice in Britain, edited by Harold D. Clarke (Oxford Oxford University Press, 2004), 185-186. https//www.essex.ac.uk/bes/bookfiles/Sanders-ch06.pdfFranklin & Marshall College. The First Political Poll. Last modified June 18, 2002. http//www.fandm.edu/politics/politically-uncorrected-column/2002-politically-uncorrected/the-first-political-poll WK, Ph.D. Candidate, The Role of Salience on the Relationship between Public Policy and Public Opinion (Paper prepared for DC AAPOR Student Paper Competition, December 12, 2008) http//www.dc-aapor.org/documents/spc08wk.pdf

Investigacion Suavizantes

INVESTIGACION COMERCIAL SUAVIZANTES INDICE Suavizantes ?Por que este producto? El hecho de escoger este producto filchservation of paritytrooper realizar una investigacion comercial acerca del mismo se debe a varias circunstancias hace anos quizas nosotros no teniamos en cuenta la manera ni los medios de como realizar las tareas domesticas. Pero si teniamos claro que el frescor y el olor de la ropa que nos lavaban en casa nos re seefortaba, nos daba sensacion de limpieza y sensacion de estar cerca de nuestro hogar.Despues de haber vivido algunos anos en residencia y haber sentido que nuestras prendas no nos aportaban las sensaciones que nos aportaban cuando estabamos en casa y una vez viviendo en piso nos preocupamos por la eleccion de los productos de limpieza. Ademas ahora somos nosotros quien nos realizamos estas labores. El suavizante es un producto que ademas de ser imprescindible mirror symmetrytrooper seeservar la ropa nos podemos decantar por el por el olor que nos ofre cen, la sensacion de frescor y limpieza y la facilidad que este producto nos aporta a la hora de encargarnos del planchado.Puesto que el suavizante ayuda a que las arrugas de la ropa sean menores que las que tendriamos en las prendas de ropa si no utilizaramos este producto. A swindletinuacion vamos a realizar un analisis del suavizante. Investigando las marcas que podemos en short-changetrar en este mercado, los establecimientos que lo ofrecen y como se comportan los instructsumidores al adquirir este producto. El producto Un suavizante textil es un producto que se utiliza comunmente en el proceso de lavado de ropa.El suavizante se comercializa disuelto en agua toad y se anade en forma liquida a la lavadora. Los ingredientes mas importantes de los suavizantes countersign los tensioactivos cationicos, habitualmente del tipo amonio cuaternario. Estos tensioactivos se adhieren a las fibras del tejido, proporcionando suavidad. Proporcionan tambien volumen, esponjosidad y otorgan pro piedades antiestaticas. Hacen que las prendas sean mas faciles de planchar y ayudan a reducir la aparicion de arrugas. Por ultimo, pero no menos importante, los suavizantes aportan a la ropa una agradable fragancia.Un reciente estudio ha puesto de manifiesto que los suavizantes previenen la aparicion de arrugas y facilitan el planchado, pero no todos aumentan el volumen respecto a un lavado sin suavizante. La industria de los suavizantes esta flimflamcentrando genus Sus productos cada vez mas. Los suavizantes concentrados tienen un mayor porcentaje de tensioactivos cationicos. En la actualidad los suavizantes textiles se comercializan con una concentracion de tensioactivos cationicos que oscila entre el 8 y el 15%, en contraposicion con los suavizantes diluidos comercializados durante los anos 90, que tenian una cantidad de materia activa proxima al 5%.Los suavizantes concentrados requieren dosis mas pequenas, ocupan menos espacio, es necesario menos plastico para su envasado y al caber mas unidades por camion, emiten menos dioxido de carbono a la atmosfera. Cualidades basicas -Frescura -Suavidad -Reduce y facilita al planchado Estas son las cualidades basicas que caracteriza a los suavizantes. male child las cualidades que el consumidor pone como requisito para adquirir el suavizantes adecuado. ?Por que se debe utilizar suavizante?En la lavadora, lavado tras lavado, las fibras de los tejidos pierden algunas de genus Sus propiedades mecanicas e integridad como consecuencia del intenso estres mecanico al que se ven sometidas y de los efectos quimicos de la dureza del agua. Con el paso del tiempo, las fibras de los tejidos se vuelven asperas y se enredan. Al no usar suavizantes, las fibras permanecen enredadas mientras se secan y las prendas se vuelven mas rigidas. El uso de secadoras de aire inducido ayuda a suavizar la ropa, pero con frecuencia las fibras sinteticas se cargan de electricidad estatica lo que provoca atraccion electroestatica. ResultadosSi se usa un suavizante en el ciclo de aclarado, sus agentes ayudan a mantener la suavidad de las fibras de los tejidos. Esto reduce la friccion de las fibras entre si y de las fibras con la piel del usuario. Cuando las fibras se mueven con mayor libertad, las prendas tienen una mayor suavidad y sufriran un desgaste menor con el paso del tiempo, especialmente las partes con un grado de estres mas alto, como cuellos, codos y punos. La ropa se arruga menos al secarse y resulta mas facil de planchar. Si se usan secadoras, las prendas sinteticas tendran una menor atraccion electroestatica al extraerlas de la secadora.La reduccion de la friccion en la piel y la suavidad de las prendas proporcionan una sensacion general de comodidad al usuario. Una caracteristica adicional de los suavizantes para la ropa es que dejan un olor agradable en las prendas lavadas. Los estudios sobre el consumo indican que el olor es con frecuencia el motivo por el que los consumidores eligen una variante o marca dete rminada frente a otras. Establecimientos TipoSociedad Anonima Fundacion1963 SedeAvenida Raymond Poincare 6 Paris, Francia AdministracionLars Olofsson Ceo IndustriaMinorista Ingresos97,6 billones (2009)Empleados430. 000 FilialesChampion, Ed Shopi, GB, 8 a Huit, Dia Sitio webwww. carrefour. com Datos Relevantes intersection point S. A. es una cadena francesa internacional de hipermercados. En el 2009, el grupo poseia 15. 5000 almacenes en 35 paises, tenia mas de 495. 000 empleados Sus ventas consolidadas alcanzaron 108. 629 millones de euros. Su actividad se centra en tres mercados Europa, Asia y America Latina. Siendo de origen frances, el 56% de su negocio se produce fuera de Francia. El grupo se centra en mercados de gran expansion China, Brasil, Indonesia, Polonia y Turquia. HistoriaFue en un seminario de Bernardo Trujillo en los Estados Unidos, donde a Marcel Fournier y Denis Defforey les vino la inspiracion. La sociedad Carrefour fue creada en la Alta Saboya en 1959 por las fa milias Fournier y Defforey. En 1963, Carrefour invento el concepto de hipermercado, abriendo el primero en la Isla de Francia en Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. La sociedad se establecio en Belgica en 1969, en Espana en 1973 y en Brasil en 1975. La sociedad Promodis (futura Promodes) se creo en 1961 tras la fusion de las empresas de dos familias normandas de mayoristas dirigidos por Paul-Auguste Halley y Leonor Duval-Lemonnier.El nombre de Carrefour significa cruce de caminos, ya que el primer hipermercado estaba precisamente ubicado en un cruce de caminos. Carrefour y Promodes se fusionaron en 1999 para dar lugar al primer grupo europeo y al segundo grupo mundial de distribucion, despues de Wal-Mart. Dirigida por Jose Luis Duran entre 2005 y finales de 2008. Desde el 1 de enero de 2009 Lars Olofsson, pocedente del grupo Nestle, es el director general. Es posible que el gigante de la distribucion se desprenda de su filial E. D. y Dia (Espana y Portugal), por un importe cercano a los 5 mi llardos de euros (5. 00. 000. 000 ). En 1976, lanza una gama de productos la marca de su distribuidor, con un empaquetado muy sobrio y una promocion orientada hacia la composicion con precios permanentes. En 2006 Carrefour cambio la imagen de su marca, la cual tomo un diseno mas atractivo, con envases disenados con colores suaves como el azul, y faciles de identificar. Los nuevos envases cuentan con el logotipo de la empresa, mas grande que antes cuando fly aparecia el nombre Carrefour en una fina banda en la esquina inferior derecha.Bajo el mando del nuevo presidente ejecutivo, Lars Olofsson, la empresa se esta concentrando en cambiar la reputacion del minorista enfocandose en los precios bajos, ya que la cadena es percibida por los consumidores como demasiado cara. Actualmente el grupo Carrefour ocupa el numero 1 en distribucion europea y el 2? del mundo. Cifras En enero de 2004, las principales insignias del grupo son Hipermercados (5. 000 a 20. 000 m? ) Carrefour Supermercados (1. 000 a 2. 000 m? ) Champion, Carrefour Express, barrio , Supermercados GS, Norte, Supermercados GB Maxidescuento (200 a 800 m? Supermercados Dia, Ed Comercio de proximidad Shopi, Marche Plus, 8 a Huit, Di per Di, Proxi El grupo en el mundo El grupo Carrefour cuenta con establecimientos en 35 paises de Europa, Asia y America Latina. Espana El grupo Carrefour se establecio en Espana en 1973 con los supermercados Pryca. En el 2000 los establecimientos de Continente y Pryca pasaron a formar parte del grupo Carrefour, fusionandose. Los hipermercados de estas empresas pasaron a llamarse Carrefour, los supermercados se pasaron a llamar Champion y en 2005, Maxi Dia y Carrefour Express pasando a desaparecer la denominacion Champion.El Grupo Carrefour tambien posee tiendas pequenas en barrios llamados Dia. Algunos Dia ahora son Maxi Dia (los grandes) y Dia Market (los pequenos). Se encuentran repartidos por toda la geografia espanola Andalucia (Malaga,Cadiz,Granada,Los Barrios,Estepona ,Marbella)Madrid,Valencia,etc. Estan presentes en la mayoria de las ciudades espanolas de las 17 Comunidades Autonomas y forman parte del paisaje comercial de vanguardia. Son el banco de pruebas del desarrollo industrial y cuentan con el apoyo de los consumidores espanoles de varias generaciones. Cumplen mas de 36 anos en Espana, y son referentes del formato en la distribucion moderna. 008 cierra el ejercicio con 168 centros bajo la ensena Carrefour. La dimension del area de ventas de los centros abarca desde los 2. 500 m2 de los mini-hiper hasta los mas de 10. 000 m2 del concepto clasico de hipermercado. Motor de los entornos socioeconomicos Dinamizan sus zonas de influencia y agrupan en su rededor polos de atraccion junto con el comercio, la restauracion y los servicios mas vanguardistas de la region, configurando pujantes areas comerciales. Conveniente en precios y surtido El modelo de Carrefour es aceptado por ofrecer el mayor surtido de calidad a los mejores precios.La libertad de eleccion de productos, marcas y precios convence a los consumidores. Mas de 100. 000 referencias de articulos regionales, nacionales e internacionales, configuran una rica opcion, innovadora y conveniente. Los servicios complementarios de las filiales optimizan el acto de compra. Una atractiva vida comercial en el ano Su amplio desarrollo de alimentacion, bazar, textil y una marcada estacionalidad, convierten el acto de compra en un acontecimiento familiar ludico. Mas de treinta actividades diferentes conviven entre si de manera natural, animadas. SedeCalle Hermosilla n? 112AdministracionIsidoro Alvarez, Presidente IndustriaGrandes Almacenes, Turismo, Servicios ProductosTextil, alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria, complementos. Agencia de Viajes. Correduria de seguros. Servicios y productos informaticos. MarcasEl Corte Ingles (Alimentacion y Bazar, Cesta estandar), Hipercor (Alimentacion y Bazar, Cesta estandar), Aliada (Cesta basica). Ingresos17. 362,53 millones (2008) Benefic io Neto382 millones (2008) Empleados97. 389 (2008) FilialesHipercor, Bricor, Supercor, Opencor, Viajes El Corte Ingles, Informatica El Corte Ingles. Sitio webelcorteingles. es hipercor. esEl Corte Ingles es el primer grupo espanol de distribucion y uno de los lideres mundiales de grandes almacenes. Con mas de 70 anos de experiencia, el Grupo ha mantenido desde sus origenes una politica de servicio al cliente y un constante interes por adecuarse a los gustos y las necesidades que demanda la sociedad. Esto le ha llevado a una politica de diversificacion y a la creacion de nuevos formatos comerciales. Ademas de los grandes almacenes El Corte Ingles, el Grupo cuenta con otras cadenas como Hipercor, Opencor, Supercor, Sfera, Telecor, Viajes El Corte Ingles, Bricor, Optica 2000 e Informatica El Corte Ingles, entre otras.El Corte Ingles es hoy uno de los lideres mundiales de grandes almacenes con una fuerte implantacion en el mercado espanol y con presencia en Portugal. Desde que en 1935 el fundador de la compania, Ramon Areces, adquiriera una sastreria denominada El Corte Ingles, la empresa ha mantenido un continuo crecimiento. La politica comercial de la cadena esta basada en cinco grandes pilares que se han hecho extensivos al resto de las empresas del grupo calidad maxima, servicio, surtido, especializacion y garantia.La oferta de los grandes almacenes incluye un amplio abanico de productos y servicios que van desde articulos de ocio y cultura a mobiliario, moda y complementos, electronica de consumo, jugueteria, decoracion, alimentacion, joyeria. Los centros comerciales estan pensados para satisfacer al cliente con una amplia gama de surtido y especialidades, y con la mayor concentracion de oferta de moda femenina, masculina e infantil del mercado. Mas de un millar de firmas presentan cada temporada en los establecimientos sus nuevas tendencias y propuestas.Las mas conocidas marcas nacionales e internacionales, en algunos casos en exclusiva para El Corte Ingles , asi como las firmas de numerosos disenadores y modistos que cuentan con sus propios corners, convierten a El Corte Ingles en una enorme avenida que destaca por la variedad de oferta, la dimension del espacio y la calidad del producto. Clientes El modelo de venta expresado anteriormente sigue siendo valido hoy. Asi en su documento de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial se senala que los cinco pilares de compromiso con el cliente son Calidad Servicio Surtido Especializacion Garantia Estos cinco pilares han producido una fidelizacion importante de sus clientes y en 2008 sus centros recibieron mas de 600 millones de visitas. Esta fidelizacion se ha producido a pesar de ofrecer precios superiores al resto de competidores, aunque suple este inconveniente mediante la realizacion de ofertas, la induccion a la demanda mediante el esfuerzo publicitario mas grande que realiza cualquier empresa espanola, la carencia en el pago de compras y un amplio programa de financiacion automatica para la compra de sus articulos.Entre lo anterior cabe destacar que la Tarjeta de Compras de El Corte Ingles sea una de las mas populares en el bolsillo de los espanoles, con mas de 10,8 millones de tarjetas activas en 2008 y con un crecimiento constante desde su introduccion en 1968. Los titulares de la tarjeta de compras se benefician de una carencia automatica de un mes en el pago de la liquidacion mensual y la posibilidad de aplazar sin intereses los pagos a tres meses, o con bajos intereses hasta 36 meses.Ademas se benefician de al menos dos horas gratis en aquellos aparcamientos de pago de los centros y con la tarjeta se permite comprar cualquier producto que se venda en los centros pertenecientes al grupo El Corte Ingles inclusive productos estancados como Tabacos. Desde 2006 la tarjeta tambien permite el pago de compras en las estaciones de servicio del grupo Repsol. No obstante lo anterior el factor precio comienza a resultar importante para el cliente, sobre todo en lo referente a la compra de alimentacion con una fuerte competencia.Para evitar que esto suponga un problema y cambiar la percepcion de los clientes El Corte Ingles ha lanzado una marca blanca de cesta basica, Aliada, y ha iniciado una campana de publicidad para intentar cambiar esta percepcion sobre sus marcas. Grupo Eroski es una empresa cooperativa espanola de distribucion con sede en Elorrio, (Vizcaya). Fundada en el Pais Vasco en 1969, hoy cuenta con unos 20. 000 trabajadores repartidos por toda Espana. La empresa cuenta con alrededor de 2. 00 establecimientos de diferentes marcas, entre las que se incluyen los hipermercados Eroski, supermercados Eroski City y Eroski Center, supermercados Aliprox, supermercados Cash Record, supermercados Caprabo, supermercados Familia, Viajes Eroski, Opticas Eroski, Perfumerias IF, Tiendas de Deporte FORUM y Tiendas de ocio y cultura ABAC. El Grupo Eroski, es un conglomerado de sociedades de diferente realidad juridica y distinta composicion accionarial, pud iendo encontrar desde Sociedades Cooperativas (la matriz Eroski S.Coop. ) hasta SAs con porcentajes de participacion accionarial diferentes (ej Caprabo 70% o Vegalsa 50%). Es parte de la Corporacion Mondragon en la division de distribucion. El nombre Eroski es una contraccion de las palabras en euskera erosi (comprar) y toki (lugar), traducible como lugar donde comprar. Dos aspectos son relevantes 1. La primera es la propiedad, de la que son depositarios en igualdad de condiciones unos 9. 000 trabajadores, con una persona un voto en la Asamblea General. . Actua desde su origen con la reinversion permanente de sus beneficios y destina el 10% de los resultados para el desempeno de Fundacion Eroski, que vertebra su accion social en favor del consumidor y la informacion, el desarrollo sostenible y la solidaridad. Consumidores socios Son unos 450. 000 ciudadanos asociados como consumidores a este grupo cuyos representantes participan en el gobierno de la empresa. A la par, unos 100. 000 ciudadanos son Amigos de Fundacion Eroski.Todos ellos participan de modo voluntario en las acciones formativas que Idea Sana Eroski desarrolla con asiduidad sobre materias de interes del ciudadano, desde aspectos relativos a la salud como iniciativas de solidaridad en colaboracion con diferentes ONG. Iniciativas sociales La Fundacion Eroski promueve igualmente iniciativas de cooperacion internacional para proyectos de desarrollo sostenible en paises necesitados. La Fundacion COPADE, la Fundacion AKWABA y la Federacion Espanola Religiosos Sanitarios F. E. R. S. ueron los utimos protagonistas al ser elegidos sus proyectos. En sus cuatro ediciones anteriores, la Fundacion EROSKI ha financiado los proyectos de las entidades que se mencionan por un importe que asciende a 536. 400,70 euros. En anteriores ediciones fueron beneficiarios los proyectos de Fundacion C. E. A. R. , Fundacion Intermon-Oxfam y COCEMFE, en 2003. Fundacion Ayuda en Accion, Fundacion Save The Children y Cruz Roja en el 2002. En 2001 fueron elegidos los proyectos de Fundacion Vicente Ferrer, Fundacion Inter Red y Setem Cataluna.Su labor se ha visto reconocida durante el ejercicio 2004 con el Premio Europeo de Medio Ambiente a la empresa. El premio, otorgado por la Fundacion Entorno y respaldado por la Comision Europea, el Ministerio espanol de Ciencia y Tecnologia y la Sociedad Espanola de Participaciones Industriales, reconoce los esfuerzos de Grupo Eroski para el logro de un desarrollo matched con la preservacion del entorno y el aumento del bienestar social. Asimismo, Grupo Eroski ha editado su Memoria de Sostenibilidad siguiendo las normas dictadas por Global Reporting Iniciative y AENOR.La Memoria es la primera publicada por una empresa de distribucion en Espana y ha sido elaborada conforme a la metodologia GRI2002, que ofrece una vision economica, social y medioambiental de la actividad de la empresa. Red comercial La red comercial de Eroski en Espana, en noviembre de 2007 la formaban 1 15 hipermercados Eroski. 1. 042 supermercados Eroski Center, Caprabo y Eroski City. El Supermercado Eroski Online, su servicio de compra online de alimentacion. 280 oficinas Eroski Viajes. 52 gasolineras. 44 tiendas de deporte Forum Sport. 310 perfumerias If. 5 tiendas de ocio y cultura ABAC. 28 plataformas de distribucion. Operador de Telefonia Movil (Eroski Movil). A esta red se le suman 584 autoservicios franquiciados. En Francia, Eroski cuenta ademas con 4 hipermercados, 16 supermercados y 17 gasolineras. En mayo de 2007 adquirio el 75% del Grupo Caprabo, ensena que se ha mantenido en mas de 300 tiendas en Cataluna y Madrid. Desde esa fecha los supermercados Caprabo comenzaron a sustituir sus productos de marca Caprabo por productos de la marca Eroski.Asi mismo, tambien se asocio con el grupo frances Intermarche, tambien conocidos como Los Mosqueteros, y EDEKA (Alemania) creando una Alianza Internacional para la negociacion y compra conjunta. Desde finales de 2007, Eroski partic ipa en el negocio de la telefonia movil, actuando como operador movil virtual (OMV) con la marca Eroski Movil. Marcas Eroski general Eroski selectia productos de alimentacion selectos Eroski natur productos de alimentacion naturales (carne, pescado, fruta) Ecron electrodomesticos Berthen electrodomesticos VistoBueno textil Romester productos deportivosLos productos de las marcas Eroski tienen como una de sus caracteristicas el incluir su nombre y diversa informacion aparte de en castellano, en euskera, catalan y gallego. Es una compania de distribucion, integrada dentro del segmento de supermercados, de capital 100% espanol. Su presidente ejecutivo es Juan Roig. A nivel nacional, esta presente en 46 provincias de 15 comunidades autonomas con una red de 1. 266 supermercados (25/02/10). Durante el 2007, alcanzo una facturacion de 13. 986 millones de euros, un 15% mas que en 2006. Sus instalaciones y clientes son atendidos por mas de 62. 00 personas en toda la cadena, de las que el 10 0% estan en situacion de fijos. Los supermercados, con una sala de ventas de unos 1. 300 metros cuadrados de media, responden a un modelo de comercio urbano de proximidad, con un amplio surtido en alimentacion (fresca y seca), drogueria, perfumeria y comida para animales domesticos. Desde1993, Mercadona se inicio en la filosofia de Calidad total. Esta decision ha llevado a la compania a realinear sus objetivos instaurando el siguiente orden Cliente, que internamente es conocido con el apelativo de El Jefe, Trabajador, Proveedor, Sociedad y Capital.Recreacion de secciones de Tienda por ambientesEn grandes lineas esta filosofia tiene los siguientes efectos Comercial La estrategia comercial desarrollada por la empresa desde 1993 se denomina S. P. B. (Siempre Precios Bajos). Ademas, se esta trabajando sobre el aseguramiento de la calidad intrinseca de los productos impulsando la estrategia del Principio de Vida Recursos humanos El modelo de Calidad total nos ha llevado a considerar al t rabajador como segundo objetivo de la empresa. Ejemplo de ello es que el 100% de las mas de 62. 000 personas que componen la organizacion son fijos.Tambien es de destacar el pago del 100% del sueldo en caso de incapacidad laboral, disfrutar de unos sueldos minimos que superan la media del domain, asi como la formacion en Calidad total a las mas de 62. 000 personas en cursos especificos de 70 horas/ano por trabajador, entre otras. Mercadona es una compania espanola de distribucion con sede y origen en la ciudad de Valencia. Su nombre proviene de la fusion de las palabras en valenciano Mercat (Mercado) y Dona (Mujer). Los Supermercados Mercadona, con una sala de ventas de una superficie media de 1. 00 m? , responden a un modelo de comercio urbano de proximidad, y mantienen un surtido en alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria y complementos que se caracteriza por potenciar la presencia de sus propias marcas blancas y reducir la oferta de aquellas marcas externas que no mantengan un minim o de rotacion. Origen e historia Mercadona S. A. nace en 1977, dentro del grupo Carnicas Roig, propiedad de Francisco Roig Ballester y su esposa Trinidad Alfonso Mocholi, con el objetivo de ampliar la comercializacion de carnes y expandirse al negocio de ultramarinos.En 1981 Juan Roig, uno de los hijos del anterior, compra a sus padres la empresa, que en ese momento cuenta con 8 tiendas de ultramarinos en Valencia, con el apoyo de su esposa y de sus hermanos Francisco, Amparo y Trinidad. Siendo nombrado su presidente ejecutivo, cargo en el que permanece hasta hoy, transforma los primitivos ultramarinos en una pequena cadena de supermercados que pronto se extenderian dentro de la Comunidad Valenciana.Aprovechando los parametros de crecimiento del sector de la distribucion durante los anos ochenta modernizacion del sector e incorporacion masiva de la mujer al mundo laboral, Mercadona comienza una expansion que se va a ver limitada por la introduccion en el sector del capital frances l o que va a producir una concentracion importante del sector de distribucion alimentaria y, debido a su potencia, una presion sobre los proveedores para abaratar el producto que dificilmente podia llevar a cabo Mercadona en ese momento.La estrategia de expansion se realiza en un primer momento mediante la adquisicion de otras empresas de su sector que comienzan a acusar la presion del capital frances y asi se hace en 1988 con la adquisicion de los 22 supermercados de Superette, en 1989 con la adquisicion de las empresas Cesta Distribucion y Desarrollo de Centros Comerciales, en 1991 con la adquisicion de Dinos y Super Aguilar y en 1998 con la adquisicion de las cadenas catalanas de Almacens Paquer y Supermercats Vilaro.Tambien se firman alianzas como la alcanzada en 1997 con Almacenes Gomez Serrano para introducirse en el mercado andaluz. La concentracion mencionada coloca tambien a Mercadona en una situacion dificil en aquella epoca pero, a pesar de jugosas ofertas de compra de la e mpresa, Juan Roig decide mantenerla y explorar modelos de gestion que le permitan su crecimiento. En 1990 Juan Roig junto a su esposa Hortensia, se hacen con la mayoria del accionariado de la empresa.Como primera reaccion a esa concentracion Mercadona realiza una politica de ajuste de precios con los proveedores e invierte fuertemente en publicidad y en la realizacion de ofertas gancho, en las que se publicitan productos con un precio extremadamente atractivo compensandose el margen perdido con otros productos, pero pronto se ve que los resultados no son los esperados y se decide replantear la situacion mediante una estrategia nueva que vera la luz en 1993.Esta estrategia se realiza aplicando el modelo de Gestion de Calidad Total (GCT) que se constituye desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar e integradora que conjuga aspectos logisticos, fisicos, humanos y de liderazgo y cuyo fin es la creacion de bravery para todos los grupos intervinientes en el negocio clientes, proveedores, rec ursos humanos y capital. Conforme su memoria durante el ano 2009, los Supermercados Mercadona alcanzaron una facturacion de 15. 05 millones de euros, y un beneficio neto de 270 millones de euros con un EBITDA de 725 millones de euros. Su cuota de mercado en la distribucion alimentaria es del 12,8% con presencia en 46 provincias y 15 de las 17 Comunidades Autonomas de Espana, no presente unicamente en el Pais Vasco y en Navarra, a traves de sus 1. 264 establecimientos. Su plantilla esta compuesta de 62. 000 empleados de los que el 67% son mujeres y la totalidad de la contratacion es indefinida.El capital de Mercadona es mayoritariamente familiar y en 2008 su Consejo de administracion se componia de las siguientes personas Modelo de gestion El crecimiento y expansion de Mercadona es considerado como un exito que ha llamado la atencion a estudiosos del sector. Durante el periodo 1998-2003 el crecimiento de su volumen de ventas supero el 25% anual cuando el ratio normal del sector no su ele superar el 9% siendo superada en crecimiento unicamente por Wal-Mart y consolidandola como la decimocuarta empresa de distribucion a nivel mundial.Segun Family occupancy Magazine esta entre las empresas familiares mas grandes del mundo, en el puesto 85 entre 250, siendo la numero 2 de Espana despues de El Corte Ingles. Segun su presidente Juan Roig, su estrategia central se ha resumido en la union de buenos salarios junto con una alta productividad, aplicando un modelo de gestion enfocado en el cliente denominado Gestion de Calidad Total (GCT).El modelo GCT en Mercadona fue adoptado en 1993 con el objetivo de defenderse ante la turbulencia que vivia el sector y establecer un modelo que ofreciera estabilidad en precios, proveedores y trabajadores que permitiera conseguir una clientela fija. Aunque los dos primeros anos tras la adopcion de la estrategia no se consiguieron resultados visibles a partir de 1995 se empiezan a cosechar los frutos de esta estabilidad y es a partir de e ste momento cuando comienza su crecimiento imparable.El modelo de Gestion de Calidad Total de Mercadona se enfoca en cinco aspectos de satisfaccion que por este orden son Satisfaccion del cliente (El Jefe en la terminologia de la empresa) mediante la estabilidad en los precios, los cuales siempre son atractivos, Siempre Precios Bajos, desechando la realizacion de ofertas gancho. Compromiso de los empleados ofreciendoles estabilidad en el puesto de trabajo, homogeinizacion de niveles y responsabilidades, formacion continuada, incentivos sobre objetivos y unos salarios ligeramente por encima de la media del sector. Vinculacion con los proveedores basada en la confianza, relaciones a largo plazo, estabilidad y colaboracion. La compensacion en el ajuste del precio se le compensa mediante una relacion a largo plazo, plazos de pago mas cortos que la competencia, la transformacion de la marca propia a marca blanca y ayudas en mejoras productivas. En 1998 se crea la figura del Interproveedo r productor que fabrica en exclusiva para Mercadona y comercializa a traves de las marcas de esta. En 2008 el numero de Interproveedores alcanza los 100 de los mas de 2. 00 proveedores existentes. Compromiso etico con el desarrollo y proteccion de la sociedad. Vinculacion con el Capital, al cual, mediante la satisfaccion de los elementos anteriores, se le satisface mediante un aumento de la productividad y una constancia en los beneficios. Este Modelo ha recibido no obstante criticas de la mayoria de los actores implicados. Asi la desaparicion de marcas externas y la preeminencia de las marcas blancas de la propia distribuidora ha provocado quejas de consumidores y de proveedores.La politica social, que segun la empresa es parte integrante de su Modelo de Gestion mediante contrataciones indefinidas de la totalidad de la plantilla, acciones tendentes a la conciliacion de la vida laboral con la no apertura en festivos, apoyo a la natalidad con un mes mas de licencia por embarazo y el reparto de un porcentaje del beneficio entre los empleados que alcancen los objetivos propuestos ha sido tambien cuestionada en especial por el sindicato CNT que desde 2004 mantiene un conflicto laboral que fue dado a conocer por los propios empleados de la compania.Actualmente, el conflicto entre CNT y Mercadona sigue abierto, y se han presentado nuevas denuncias por acoso laboral y malos tratos hacia los trabajadores. En cuanto a los proveedores, ademas de las quejas de aquellos que fabrican marca propia por la retirada de sus productos, se han anunciado presiones excesivas de Mercadona a aquellos que fabrican sus marcas blancas, los conocidos por la empresa como Interproveedores, que limitan su libertad de accion, pretenden aduenarse de toda la cadena productiva o trasladar los costes de distribucion por expectativas no alcanzadas.Respecto a la acusacion de concentracion vertical cabe destacar la creacion por la familia Roig de Sociedades de Capital Riesgo como Angels Capital y A titlan Alpha Capital que intervienen de forma prioritaria en las relaciones con los interproveedores. Marcas Hacendado alimentacion Deliplus perfumeria en general Compy comida para animales Bosque Verde drogueria Como tu perfumeria mujer 9,60 perfumeria goofball El cafetal cafe Entrepinares lacteos solidosPresencia geografica Mercadona posee 8 bloques logisticos con mas de 600. 000 m? en Valencia, Malaga, Barcelona, Alicante, Sevilla, Tenerife, Madrid y Gran Canaria. Tiene previsto abrir 3 nuevos bloques logisticos en Leon, Granada y Zaragoza y dispone de 2 almacenes satelites en Leon y Baleares. En cuanto a superficies de venta Mercadona dispone de 1. 264 supermercados en Espana. OpenCor es una cadena de Tiendas de Conveniencia, lo que supone abrir los 365 dias del ano durante 18 horas.Pensadas para dar servicio al cliente y satisfacer sus necesidades de cada dia, la compra de ultima hora o cualquier olvido, los establecimientos OpenCor ofrecen una nueva forma de comprar, rapida, proxima, comoda y con la mejor garantia de calidad. Cuenta, ademas, con la ventaja de pagar con la tarjeta de compra de El Corte Ingles. OpenCor vio la luz el 18 de mayo de 2000, con la inauguracion del primer establecimiento en Majadahonda (Madrid). Desde entonces ha experimentado un rapido crecimiento con la apertura de tiendas distribuidas por toda Espana.Gracias a que su superficie de venta es inferior a 500 metros cuadrados, el formato permite gran flexibilidad para ubicarse en las principales capitales de provincia A Coruna, Alicante, Almeria, Barcelona, Castellon, Cordoba, Gerona, Granada, Las Palmas, Lerida, Madrid, Malaga, Murcia, Pontevedra, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Sevilla, Tarragona, Valencia y Zaragoza. Desde noviembre de 2008, es tambien la marca de referencia en las Estaciones de Servicio fruto del acuerdo entre El Corte Ingles y Repsol (hasta ahora como conocidas como Repsol-Supercor. La Superestacion).De esta forma, bajo la marca comercial OpenCor, encontrar emos dos formatos de establecimientos Mas de 183 tiendas de conveniencia repartidas por todo el territorio nacional Mas de 34 tiendas ubicadas en las Estaciones de Servicio Respsol- OpenCor. La Superestacion, adaptadas a las necesidades actuales, donde el cliente, ademas de repostar carburante, puede realizar su compra comodamente en una superficie de mas de 150 metros cuadrados . Se trata de una de las ensenas del grupo con mayor potencial de crecimiento. Los centros OpenCor ofrecen mas de 8. 00 articulos, que comprenden una amplia gama de articulos de alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria asi como pan recien hecho, prensa y revistas, musica, peliculas, libros, juguetes, videojuegos y regalos. Ademas, en estas tiendas el cliente puede recargar su movil, revelar sus fotografias y realizar fotocopias. Las tiendas de OpenCor ofrecen una amplia y equilibrada gama de productos de alimentacion, perfumeria, regalos, ocio y prensa, ademas de otros servicios . Dentro de los planes de divers ificacion de la compania, la ensena OpenCor represento un reto.El termino OpenCor se selecciono entre muchos, pues representaba perfectamente la vocacion con la que se creaba la nueva linea de negocio del grupo. El conjunto del termino, que unia la palabra del ingles open y cor resaltaba, por un lado, la importancia de que fuera una tienda siempre abierta y, por otro, la ventaja de contar con el respaldo y la garantia del lider. Datos de la Empresa OpenCor es una cadena espanola de tiendas de conveniencia perteneciente al grupo de empresas El Corte Ingles, cuyo presidente es Isidoro Alvarez Alvarez y su director general Victor del Pozo Gil.Constituye un nuevo concepto de cadena de tiendas abiertas los 365 dias del ano durante 18 horas, pensadas para satisfacer las necesidades de cada dia, la compra de ultima hora, o cualquier olvido. Las tiendas Opencor presentan secciones de productos de primera necesidad (alimentacion, drogueria, y similares) asi como articulos de ocio (discos, pe liculas, videojuegos, etc. ), regalos y otros productos. Opencor se inauguro el 18 de mayo del ano 2000 a traves de su centro de Majadahonda en Madrid.Las tiendas Opencor existentes en las estaciones de servicio de Repsol se denominan Repsol-Opencor y se gestionan por la sociedad Gespevesa,1 cuyo accionariado se reparte a partes iguales entre El Corte Ingles y Repsol. Previamente a esta denominacion se denominaron Repsol-Supercor desde 1998. Distribucion geografica Opencor (Tiendas de Conveniencia S. A. ) y Repsol-Opencor (Gespevesa S. A. ) disponen de 187 tiendas en Espana 58 en Madrid 40 en Andalucia 39 en Cataluna 32 en la Comunidad Valenciana 9 en Galicia 4 en Aragon 3 en Canarias 2 en Murcia Tienda tradicionalLa tienda tradicional es un negocio en el que la gente puede adquirir bienes o servicios a cambio de una contraprestacion economica. Se trata de establecimientos pequenos con atencion directa por parte de un vendedor o dependiente, en el caso de algunas tiendas podemos enc ontrar mas de uno. Tambien le caracteriza la existencia de un mostrador que separa la sala de venta de los articulos de venta. En este tipo de establecimientos el cliente es asiduo y cercano al comerciante lo que hace que el trato y la atencion sea mas directo que en otro tipo de establecimientos como las grandes superficies.El dependiente suele conocer al consumidor y sus gustos, lo que le ayuda a saber como venderle y que venderle. El surtido suele ser limitado. Suelen tener poca variedad de cada producto, dos o tres marcas aproximadamente. Aunque son establecimientos son pequenos vende por su proximidad y cercania. Su tamano varia entre 15 y 50 metros de superficie. Este tipo de tiendas estan desapareciendo cada dia mas debido al asentamiento de las grandes superficies en las ciudades o nucleos urbanos y a la cercania de los supermercados. Lo que ha provocado el cierre de muchos de estos comercios en los ultimos anos.Tienda Tradicional 54 dosis cielo,azul, delicado 2,69 sulphuro us 2,86 La Toja (2,69)72 dosis cielo azul, delicado y frescor 3,90 crystals azul, floral 3,99 480 gr36 dosis cielo azul y delicado 2,59 60 dosis 4,15 Vernel Crystals 4,02 54 dosis azul 3,20 Crystals 3,52 45 dosis azul, oceanico 2,69 Marsella 2,86 Relax 40 dosis 2,86 72 dosis Oceanico 3 Colonia, Marsella, Rosa Hidratante 3,2 Relax 64 dosis 3,272 dosis 3,30 144 dosis 5,70 essentis relajante de 64 dosis 345 dosis azul, oceanico, Marsella y rosa hidratante, 2,8572 dosis Azul 3 750ml 3,67Azul y caricias. azul y caricias 4 45 dosis Marsella y Aloe vera. 2,86 45 dosis 2,82 azul, caricias, aloe vera 72 dosis 3,90 azul, caricias y aloe vera4 litros 4,95 oferta, antes a 6,42 45 dosis Caricias 2,59 Aloe vera 2,85 72 dosis 3,41 Azul y flores72 dosis el 2,40 flores blancas y brisa suave. 72 dosis es de 1,7 colonia, aire rocio, aire prima, aire Marsella, aire pasion, aire verano, aire colonia. 2 litros 1,15 4litros 3 2 litros azul 2,1572 dosis azul, spa, colonia, talco 1,60 1,5 litros azul 2,1 5 Conclusion Empresas de suavizantes UNILEVERDesde mediados del siglo XX, Unilever opera en Espana a traves de marcas presentes en la vida diaria de los espanoles. La presencia de Unilever en Espana se remonta a 1948. Desde entonces, ha experimentado un proceso de crecimiento similar al de la compania a nivel mundial. Actualmente, aproximadamente 1. 200 personas trabajan en nuestro pais, donde Unilever dispone de sus oficinas centrales en Barcelona y dos plantas industriales en Leioa (Vizcaya) y Aranjuez (Madrid). Ademas de una red comercial distribuida por todo el pais. En 2005, el grupo lanzo el programa One Unilever, con el que quiso reforzar su imagen corporativa.Mimosin es una marca emblematica en la categoria de suavizantes. De gran tradicion, siempre ha sido sinonimo de suavidad y caricia, ahora tambien incorpra fragancias para dejar en la ropa un agradable y fresco aroma. Mimosin esta presente en nuestros hogares desde hace varies generaciones y con una enorme notoriedad gra cias a la presencia entranable de su icono el osito de Mimosin. AC MARCA Notit pertenece al GRUPO AC MARCA, es un grupo internacional que tiene filiales en Portugal, Francia, Republica Checa, Mexico, Hungria, Rumania, Chile, Republica Eslovaca.Exporta a mas de 50 paises en todo el mundo. AC MARCA es la empresa que engloba las marcas enfocadas al cuidado del hogar detergentes, limpiahogares, insecticidasSus marcas consolidadas y lideres en su segmento de negocio como NORIT, ALEX, YAK, ORION, GIOR e IBERIA estan en constante evolucion para ofrecer mejores soluciones adaptadas a las necesidades del consumidor del S. XXI. NORIT NADA LAVA CON MAS CUIDADO. La marca lider en el cuidado de las prendas delicadas, ha evolucionado igual que sus consumidoras y hoy ofrece una amplia gama de productos para el cuidado de la ropa.Norit bebe (hipoalergenico), Cuidado delicado (a mano y a maquina), Pieles sensibles, Prendas modernas, Suavizante En 1944 nace la marca Norit, el primer detergente para l avar lana y seda, con su emblematico borreguito. En 1974 Norit crece con las versiones en liquido para lavado a mano. En 1995 se inicia la expansion internacional del grupo. HENKEL Henkel A Brand Like a Friend Este lema sintentiza la vision de hacer la vida de las personas mas facil, mejor y mas agradable con nuestras marcas y tecnologias.Con sede central en Dusseldorf (Alemania), Henkel cuenta con 52. 000 empleados en todo el mundo y es una de las empresas alemanas con mas presencia internacional en el mercado global. Consumidores de 125 paises en todo el mundo confian en las marcas y tecnologias de Henkel. El grupo aleman se instalo en Espana en 1960 tras comprar la empresa espanola Gota de Ambar, S. A. Actualmente Henkel Iberica cuenta con una plantilla de unos 1. 550 empleados. En 2008 la filial alcanzo unas ventas a terceros de 639 millones de euros.Henkel cuenta con 4 centros de produccion y distribucion en la Peninsula Iberica Montornes del Valles, Sant Adria de Besos, Abre ra y Sevilla, ademas de 3 centros de distribucion adicionales en Azuqueca de Henares, Castellbisbal y Sant Andreu de la Barca. Henkel opera en tres areas de negoci Vernel es la marca de suavizantes para la ropa que no solo suaviza tus prendas, sino que las deja con una agradable fragancia que permanece por mas tiempo. ?Caracteriscas del producto Un frescor de ensueno Pieles sensibles Aromaterapia